![]() When sperm concentration is extremely low, there could be a genetic cause. Sperm in your urine can indicate your sperm are traveling backward into the bladder instead of out your penis during ejaculation (retrograde ejaculation). A blood test measures the level of testosterone and other hormones. Abnormalities in other hormonal or organ systems might also contribute to infertility. Hormones produced by the pituitary gland, hypothalamus and testicles play a key role in sexual development and sperm production. It allows your doctor to check your prostate and look for blockages of the tubes that carry semen. A small, lubricated wand is inserted into your rectum. A scrotal ultrasound can help your doctor see if there is a varicocele or other problems in the testicles and supporting structures. This test uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images inside your body. ![]() Your doctor might recommend additional tests to help identify the cause of your infertility. If your sperm analysis is normal, your doctor will likely recommend thorough testing of your female partner before conducting any more male infertility tests. In most cases, several semen analysis tests are done over a period of time to ensure accurate results. Often sperm counts fluctuate significantly from one specimen to the next. The lab will also check your semen for signs of problems such as infections. Your semen is then sent to a laboratory to measure the number of sperm present and look for any abnormalities in the shape (morphology) and movement (motility) of the sperm. In such cases, semen can be collected by using a special condom during intercourse. Because of religious or cultural beliefs, some men prefer an alternative method of semen collection. You can provide a sample by masturbating and ejaculating into a special container at the doctor's office. Semen samples can be obtained in a couple of different ways. Your doctor might also ask about your sexual habits and about your sexual development during puberty. This includes examining your genitals and asking questions about any inherited conditions, chronic health problems, illnesses, injuries or surgeries that could affect fertility. General physical examination and medical history.Diagnosing male infertility problems usually involves:
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